Technology Mission on Pulses

SEED

Target

Proposed interventions

• Quality seed availability - 4 lakh q

• Seed Replacement Rate (SRR)– 4%

• Private participation in seed production – Non-substantial

• Impact realized under the Seed Village Scheme (SVS) during (VIII & IX th Plan) – Not very encouraging.

• Implementation mechanism of seed related components by other stake-holders – Non- synergistic.

• Low priority of public sectors in seed production

10 lakh qtls.

10%

Seed Minikits – 20 lakhs

• Implementation of Five year seed rolling plan (category-wise/season-wise/variety-wise)

Nodal agencies –

NSC/SFCI/Seed Division (DAC)

• Breeder seed production, procurement/distribution

Nodal agencies –

Seeds Division (DAC)

AICRP on Pulses (ICAR)

Co-ordination :

Development Directorate (DAC)

Through NSC/SSC/Cooperatives/Seed societies and

private agencies (NGO)

Nodal agencies :

Central – NSC

Sates - SSC

• Provision of Rs.One crore per annum fund for production and popularization of location specific desired varieties through private agencies/Seed societies

• Identification of agencies by NSC/SSC/Crop Directorate(DAC )

• Certified Seed Production

- Through NSC/SFCI/SSC/SVS/Seed Societies /

Cooperatives/NGO etc.

- Contractual obligation component for Seed Societies

- Realization of full potential of seed produced under FLD

with the provision of Buy-Back-Sale Back arrangement

- Implementation of Seed Village Scheme under modified

mode involving DDA/SDOs with SSCs. Production statistics

to be reported by SDA/SSC to NSC and concerned Crop

Directorate (DAC).

- Tie-up with the SSCs for purchase of certified seed produced

under SVS for distribution to the farmers linking the

distribution under the scheme of certified seed distribution

subsidy component

Nodal agency

Central – NSC

State – SSC/PD/JD(Pulses)

- Overall monitoring/liasioning through State Seed

Committees comprising of

i) Seed Division (DAC)

ii) TMOP/DPD

iii) Nodal Officer, NPDP

iv) Regional Office NSC/SFCI

- Physical and financial target for (2003-04 – 2006-07)

seed rolling plan at Annexure-IV

-Popularization/propagation of new varieties and

technologies

Nodal agency

Central- DPD/TMOP

-NSC/SFCI

State -SSC/PD (NPDP)

• It is proposed to link the seed production of SVS/FLD under distribution of Certified seed by way of purchasing the same through NSC/SFCI/SSC.

• The NSC/SFCI/SSCs would be compensated with the handling/transportation charges and ensuring the subsidy benefit to reach to farmers through SDAs/Societies.
• It is also proposed to extend the subsidy component on distribution to all the pulses besides the existing crop like gram, pea and lentil.
• Assistance to be modified from existing 30% of cost or limited to Rs.800/ qtl to 20% to the cost limited to Rs.400/q for handling agency and ensuring remaining 20% of the subsidy amount to reach to the real beneficiaries.

IPM

Pigeonpea – pod borer, pod fly and wilt

Chickpea – pod borer, wilt, root rot

Lentil – wilt/root rot

- 20-40% crop loss annually due to diseases and insect pests

- Northern belt alone suffers a loss to the tune

of 1 lakh tonne and/ 3.20 lakh tonnes

annually in pigeonpea and chickpea

-Current availability of

1. HaNPV - 5 million LE
2. Trichoderma - 10 tonnes
3. NSKE - negligible

- Use of HaNPV against pod borer

-negligible

- Use of IPM modules for pod fly in

pigeonpea and Helicoverpa in chickpea

- negligible

- Use of IPM modules for pod fly in

pigeonpea and Helicoverpa in chickpea

– negligible

- Chemical control besides being costly

and having residual toxicity also add to

environmental pollution

- Areas under Private Extension agencies (eg.Dhanuka group in Hoshangabad MP) loose focused IPM approach due to priority (targets) attached to the Private Organisations

- Floating of Spurious material

- IPM modules on pigeonpea and

chickpea and bio-agent like Trichoderma for control of root rot/wilt are now available but their effective realization is restricted due to:

• Insufficient production of bio-agents like HaNPV and Trichoderma and
• Lack of awareness amongst farmers on IPM concept.

Seed treatment with Trichoderma bio-agent against wilt/root rot – negligible

Pheromone Traps – 5 lakhs

Strengthening HaNPV unit –

20 Nos

@ Rs.20,000/- each

Revolving fund for NPV Buy Back

@ Rs.25000/- each

IPM Demon. 2000 hectares.

Strengthening of 20% KVK in 12 states (52 Nos).

Training/HRD-48 Nos

(@ Rs.25000/ each).

325 million LE

490 tonnes

32000 tonnes

HaNPV -

6.5 lakh hectares (10% chickpea, pigeonpea area in M.P. Karnataka, M.S., A.P., Gujarat)

1.5 lakh hectares (10% pigeonpea/chick-pea area in U.P., Bihar, Jharkhand and West Bengal)

Gram- 2 lakh ha Tur - 1 lakh ha

• Surveillance of Helicoverpa armigera and pod fly.
• 1% of total chickpea and pigeonpea area targeted for pheromone traps distribution.

• Strengthening of existing Bio formulation production units of tobacco and cotton crops for production of quality HaNPV in inadequate quantity in potential chickpea/pigeonpea areas.

• Provision of revolving fund @ Rs.25000/- per unit (for 20 units)
• Promotion of HaNPV use through SDAs under centrally sponsored NPDP component.
• Demonstration on efficacy of IPM modules on farmers’ field through IPM demonstrations involving Panchait and other stake holders
• Strengthening of KVKs - Out of 261 KVKs 20 Nos KVK in potential states/Distt. would also be strengthened for production of HaNPV by providing one time financial grant of Rs.25000/- per KVK

• Coordinated training/HRD activities by State Department of Agriculture would organize these training in consultation with SAUs/KVKs/own training centres.

• Mass production programme by farmers at Panchayat level through 3–tier training system.

• Training of SAU Scientists, research organizations at Centres of Excellence
• Training of SMSs of KVK/KGK/SDA officers, SAUs and research organization
• Training of progressive farmers, farmers organizations (FOs) Self Help Groups (SHGs), KVKs, KGKs, block/districts headquarters, agricultural colleges

• Production of sufficient quantities of bio-agent formulation of Trichoderma for control of wilt/root rot diseases by strengthening of existing units both in public and private sectors
• Financial assistance on use and popularization of NSKE on the merits of quality control and availability proposals by SDAS.

* Programme implementation through SDAs as per

existing norms under NPDP

• The component would be implemented through SDA/KVK/Panchait/SHG

- IPM Demonstration –

(a) Farmers Field Schools (FFSs) @ Rs.22680/- per

demonstration (10 hectares/01 village)

(b) Bio-intensive – at different stages of plant growth

(i) Gram: Trichoderma, Trap + Lure, Neem 1500 ppm,

Lure, NPV, Lure, B.T. with a maximum ceiling of

Rs.747.50/- (50% of total application cost)

(ii) Arhar : Trichoderma, Neem 1500 ppm, Trap+Lure,

Lure NPV, B.T., Lure with maximum ceiling of

Rs.1140.00 (50% of total application cost

• Already included in seed treatment. @ Rs.100/ha.

INM

• Lack of preference for use of FYM in pulses resulting in micro-nutrients deficiency
• Light textured soils with low organic matter and calcareous soils have high degree of S deficiency
• Rice-based cropping systems prevalent in Zn deficiency
• Intensive agriculture area using high analysis fertilizers also have varying degree of S deficiency
• Reasonable quantities of culture are available

1. Transportation of Gypsum as a source of sulphur is costly affair
2. Limited availability of gypsum in

distant states

3. Limitation in availability of SSP fertilizer as a source of sulphur
4. Lack of awareness amongst farmers on Zn application in pulses

e. Low shelf life of culture

Use of poor quality inoculant

Rhizobium/PSB– 5 lakh ha

• Ensuring availability of sulphur through tie- up arrangement for alternate source of S through SSP in the states facing difficulties in gypsum supply
• Only S deficient states/districts would be targeted
• Rate of assistance as per the existing norms
• Promotion of SSP production and its distribution through financial assistance at the source of production and use with tie-up arrangement between Empowered Committee and Fertilizer Division
• Financial assistance to farmers on the use of S and Zn
• Blending common fertilizers with zinc for areas having widespread zinc deficiency
• Close monitoring regarding availability of gypsum, SSP and ZnSO₄

• Tie-up arrangement with existing 36 qualified production centres producing bio-fertilizers
• FLD on use of bio-fertilizers
• Advocating use of FYM/organics

Technology transfer

• After the termination of NAEP (T&V) public sector extension loosing focus in many states
• FLD, Block demonstration/IPM/Seed minikit distribution Etc are means of ToT and are components under the existing NPDP
• Multiplicity of extension system through states/SAUs/KVKs/NGOs etc.
• Private partnership through seed companies/fertilizer/pesticides etc. coming forward.

• Public sector extension system has become unsustainable
• Private partnership has its limitations and own attached priorities
• Existing pulses scheme has no provision for extension component and involvement of NGOs/KVKs/KGKs/SHGs etc.
• Findings of FLD giving 20-30% more yield potential need to be translated into actions through Block demonstrations
• FLDs recommendations advocating 20-30% extra yield, still confined to lab.
• Synergistic approach in TOT lacks.
• Popularization of R&D component with CSIR, since VIIIth and IXth plan without involving Development Directorate.

FLD- 8,000 ha.

BD- 80,000 ha.

(i) Farmers/FG - 305 Nos.

(ii) Seed growers

(iii) Extension

workers

(iv)Scheme Nodal Officers (State + Central)

(a) Domestic

(b) Overseas

• Massive FLD with contractual provision on improved varieties and production technology by way of direct funding to the centres
• To make more effective technology transfer, involvement of KVKs in organisation of Block demonstrations by allocating 20% of total BDs through the concerned nodal central development directorates is envisaged
• Massive programme on publicity front
• Organisation/involvement of FOs, SHGs, FIGs, women’s organisations and awareness campaign on crop diversification and sustainability aspects
• Special skill up-gradation/HRD programmes targeting (i) farmers (ii) seed growers (iii) extension workers (iv) domestic/overseas training to technical officers of concerned central nodal Development Directorates and Project Directors/Nodal Officers of SDAs
• Involvement of Agricultural Technology Management Agency (ATMA) for strategic extension plan (SEP) on crop diversification involving pulses in the existing states/districts in A.P., Maharashtra, Punjab, H.P., Bihar, Jharkhand and Orissa.

Implements

• Simple ridgers have been developed by CIAE.
• High capacity pigeonpea thresher at the final stage of manufacturing at CIAE.
• Higher crop harvest with the protective irrigation at pod filling stage in pigeonpea – need popularization.
• Similarly chickpea also respond very well to protective irrigation.
• Availability of sprinkler set in abundance.
• Existing NPDP scheme has a provision of sprinkler sets distribution. However, distribution of sprinkler sets needs to be restricted to chickpea growing states.

• Prevalence of faulty (broadcasting) sowing method in pulses.
• Susceptibility to wilt/root-rot in pigeonpea under continuous water stagnation/poor drainage.
• Pigeonpea planting on ridges/bunds still unpopular.
• Quality control aspects and cost variation are major concerns under Sprinkler set.

10,000 Nos. (U.P., Bihar, M.P., M.S., Jharkhand).

10,000 Nos. (Haryana, Gujarat, M.P., Rajasthan).

• Tie-up arrangement with CIAE, Bhopal for manufacturing of simple ridger.
• Distribution of implements through SDAs.
• Financial assistance to farmers for encouraging its use.
• For better operationalisation of scheme, Central Crop Directorate of Ministry of Agriculture would be the nodal agency and a committee comprising PDs/Nodal officers, SDAs and CIAE would monitor the programme implementation.

Post Harvest Management

• 15-20% storage loss
• Wide price gaps in the chain of producer to consumer for finished product
• Lack of milling/processing facilities at domestic level
• Non-interaction of R&D efforts - stake holders work in isolation.
• Global survey on standard packaging/quality parameters for exportable commodity/variety not known to Development

• Sustainability evaluation of dal mills distributed during VIIIth plan not done
• Dal mills distributed under UNDP could also not be evaluated. Non- identification of concerned Developmental Organizations (like DPD)
• Metal bins/scientific storage bin for pulses popularised during the VIII plan and discontinued during the IX plan need continuation

IIPR Dal Mill- 400 Nos.

Storage bins 20000 Nos.

• Distribution of IIPR Dal Chakki in 5 potential states/districts

Nodal agency: IIPR – DPD – SDA

• Popularisation of metal bins in pulse growing states/districts.

Nodal agency: Project Director, Pulses

• Quality parameters would also be ensured by the District Level Committees headed by DDA
• Establishing model pulse processing centres at district levels in major pulse producing states (M.P., M.S., U.P. and Rajasthan)
• Survey on "Exportable parameters needed" by IIFT.
• Incentive to farmers, SHGs, FIGs and cooperatives for entrepreneurship development for IIPR Dal Mill and storage bin.
• Involving KVKs and NGOs for imparting training on processing and value addition.

Target

Proposed interventions

• Existing area (Ave. of 1997-98 to 2001-02) under total pulses-

221.40 lakh ha

- Existing Area under:

Chickpea - 67.50 lakh ha

Pigeonpea - 34.50 lakh ha

Mungbean - 30.05 lakh ha

Urdbean - 30.03 lakh ha

Lentil - 13.80 lakh ha

Fieldpea - 7.50 lakh ha

Other pulses - 37.30 lakh ha

• Non serious efforts and planning on cropping system diversification

• Existing system of MSP and procurement in favour of wheat and paddy not attracting the pulses in the irrigated conditions.

• Absence of a scheme on "Incentives for crop diversification" in the states like Punjab/Haryana

• Absence of a common Platform/agency/board/federation (like Tur Board in Karnataka state) for pulses at central level to cater to the need of import/export/processing and storage etc.

Xth Plan terminal year (2006-07) target 245.00 lakh ha

71.50 lakh ha

36.00 lakh ha

32.00 lakh ha

31.50 lakh ha

14.20 lakh ha

8.00 lakh ha

37.50 lakh ha

• Integrated cereal development programmes coupled with MSP and procurement and development of PDS has led to the accumulated unprecedentedly huge stocks of food grains to the tune of over 70 million tones (by July 2002) against the requirement of about 22 million tones as buffer stocks and food security.
• High water and input intensive crops of paddy and wheat having a deleterious effect on natural resources in the states like Punjab and Haryana and the sensitivity of the states on this count has paved the way of crop diversification by delineation of potential but non traditional areas.

• In view of S.S. Johal, Committees recommendation proposing a scheme for financial assistance to the tune of Rs. 1280 crores for Punjab alone and consequently giving an economics of net saving for Rs. 9000/- on account of storage, handling loss etc., crop diversification through pulses is proposed through Missions programme.

• Effective policy interventions through PSS funding and procurement through NAFED so that prices do not fall below the MSP this will encourage the farmers to take pulses cultivation.

• Massive campaign for coverage under spring/summer pulses, popularization of improved spring/summer varieties through adequate production programme for seeds recommended for summer cultivation

• Popularization of early maturing varieties of pigeonpea in MP giving scope of horizontal expansion replacing rice in rice-wheat cropping system in the states like Punjab, Western UP and Haryana.

• Effective legislation measures for control of blue bull menace

• Encouraging inter-cropping practices

• Replacing upland paddy areas, with pulses and concentrations on diara lands, tal areas etc.

• Promoting export avenues for specific pulse varieties in chickpea (Gulabi chana) pigeonpea (Begani Arhar) and value added production

• The area, production and productivity targets of different pulses crops during Xth plan are given at

Anenxure - I-II P

• The details of area expansion under different cropping systems/situation is given at Annexure - III
• Year wise and component wise physical and Financial targets for X^th plan Annexure - IV
• Summary of Seed Rolling Plan Annexure - V A
• Year-wise Seed Rolling Plan (State-wise, Crop-wise

and Category-wise Annexure – V B

• List of promising varieties Annexure - VI A
• List of varieties needing popularization

Annexure–VI B to VI E

- IPM module for Tur and Gram Annexure - VII

• Details of Bio formulation labs across the country

Annexure – VIII

- FLD guidelines Annexure – IX

• Targeted states/district for zinc application

- Targeted status/districts for sulphur application

Annexure – XI

• Pattern of Assistance during Xth Plan

• Assistance pattern/norms (Bio-agents) Annexure – XII A
• Assistance pattern/norms (Farmers’ field school (IPM demo cum training) Annexure – XII B